Bobby L. Blaylock v. Dacco, Inc.,

This workers' compensation appeal has been referred to the Special Workers' Compensation Appeals Panel of the Supreme Court in accordance with Tenn. Code Ann. _ 5-6- 225 (e)(3) for hearing and reporting to the Supreme Court of findings of fact and conclusions of law. The trial court found that the plaintiff's respiratory conditions did arise out of the scope and course of his employment. We affirm the judgment of the trial court. Tenn. Code Ann. _ 5-6-225(e) (1999) Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court is Affirmed JOHN K. BYERS, SR. J., in which ADOLPHO BIRCH, J. and ALLEN W. WALLACE, SR. J., joined. Randolph A. Veazey, Nashville, Tennessee, for the appellants, Dacco Inc., and Zurich Insurance Company Jon E. Jones, Cookeville, Tennessee, for the appellee, Bobby L. Blaylock MEMORANDUM OPINION Review of the findings of fact made by the trial court is de novo upon the record of the trial court, accompanied by a presumption of the correctness of the findings, unless the preponderance of the evidence is otherwise. TENN. CODE ANN. _ 5-6-225(e)(25); Stone v. City of McMinnville, 896 S.W.2d 548, 55 (Tenn. 1995). The application of this standard requires this Court to weigh in more depth the factual findings and conclusions of the trial court in workers' compensation cases. See Corcoran v. Foster Auto GMC, Inc., 746 S.W.2d 452, 456 (Tenn. 1988). The trial court found that the plaintiff established a direct causal connection between the conditions under which the plaintiff worked and his respiratory conditions. The defendants/appellants argue that the plaintiff did not show that the plaintiff's respiratory conditions arose out of his scope and course of employment. We agree with the trial court. Facts The plaintiff/appellee, Bobby Blaylock, began working at Dacco in 1979, and has not returned to work there since June 2. Dacco re-manufactures torque converters for use in motor vehicles, and Blaylock's responsibilities there included assembling torque converters, maintenance work, and occasional welding, where he was exposed to some welding smoke. He was also exposed to smoke from other welders in the building. Blaylock has also smoked one to two packs of cigarettes a day for thirty-four years, and now has some respiratory conditions. He never complained of a problem before he left work, but contends now that his conditions arose out of his exposure to the smoke at work. In the early 198's, Dacco did not have very good ventilation, and although some improvements were made throughout the years, a major ventilation system was not installed until approximately 1995. In addition, air samples were not taken by OSHA or TOSHA until approximately 1997, and as such, Dacco does not have any air quality records prior to 1997. Medical Evidence The medical proof at trial consisted of testimony of three doctors, Dr. David Henson, Dr. John Tumen, and Dr. John McElligott. Drs. Tumen and McElligott testified by deposition, while Dr. Henson testified live. Dr. Henson, a board certified pulmonologist, testified that Blaylock suffers from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and that Blaylock's exposure to welding fumes at work, and his prolonged smoking, causally contributed to his respiratory disabilities. Dr. Henson also explained that the two exposures were synergistic, that is, the disability a person suffered from the two was greater than the sum of each exposure individually. Dr. John Tumen, Blaylock's treating physician testified that Blaylock's twenty- one year exposure to welding fumes at work, as well as his smoking, both contributed to his respiratory impairments. Dr. Tumen testified that Blaylock's exposure to welding fumes on top of his smoking is what caused his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Dr. John McElligott is a board certified internist, and also has a Master's Degree in Occupational Health and Safety. Dr. McElligott relied on a number of sources, including diagrams of the work site that Blaylock worked in, when testifying that Blaylock's respiratory problems where caused solely from Blaylock's cigarette smoking. Dr. McElligott testified that the Dacco facility where Blaylock worked was large enough to accommodate the number of welders and properly ventilate the welding smoke. Dr. McElligott also testified that all of the respiratory conditions from which Blaylock suffers can be caused solely from smoking cigarettes. Dr. McElligott further testified that Drs. Tumen and Henson are incorrect in their assertions that -2-