Gratz Carden, Jr. v. The Tennessee Coal Company

This workers' compensation appeal has been referred to the Special Workers' Compensation Appeals Panel of the Supreme Court in accordance with Tennessee Code Annotated _ 5-6-225(e)(3) for a hearing and reporting of findings of fact and conclusions of law. The appellant/defendant challenges the trial court's award of permanent and total disability benefits to the appellee/plaintiff. Also, the appellant contends that the evidence does not support the trial court's award of benefits to the body as a whole. After an in-depth review of the entire record, briefs of the parties and applicable law, we affirm the trial court's judgment. Tenn. Code Ann. _ 5-6-225(e) (1999) Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court is Affirmed. LAFFERTY, SR. J., in which BARKER, J., and PEOPLES, SP. J., joined. Robert W. Knolton, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, for the appellant, The Tennessee Coal Company. Roger L. Ridenour, Clinton, Tennessee, for the appellee, Gratz Carden, Jr. MEMORANDUM OPINION Trial Testimony The plaintiff, age 56, testified that he left the eighth (8th) grade to help supplement the family income. He worked in service stations, construction, and spent two years in the United States Army. In 1968, the plaintiff went to work in the coal mines of east Tennessee until his injury of November 15, 1995. The plaintiff stated that he started out as a laborer, was a boss on the job, and served as safety director. At the time of his injury, the plaintiff was a scoop operator. The plaintiff described the coal mines in the Tennessee area as low seam mines. These mines are approximately four (4) feet high. Most of the time a miner must walk bent over or be on their knees. At the time of his injury, the plaintiff was operating a head drive, which drives a belt line. This belt line removes coal from the mine. The plaintiff testified that he had the scoop of the head drive at the top of the mine when he slipped off the back of the head drive, falling about four (4) feet, striking the side of the scoop. The plaintiff was removed from the mine and taken to the Oak Ridge Hospital, where he spent three (3) days. The plaintiff was seen by Dr. John Jernigan for loss of balance, stomach sickness, and loss of hearing. The plaintiff stated that he underwent surgery but his loss of hearing did not improve. After three (3) months, his balance improved where he could walk by himself. Without Dr. Jernigan's knowledge, the plaintiff returned to work, "thinking I was going to get over this . . . I was being told the right side of my brain would block out all this damage." At work, the plaintiff would answer the telephone and occasionally grease the belt line. However, the plaintiff would become sick and have to leave work on occasion. The plaintiff testified that he was laid off after sixteen (16) months when the company closed the mine. Since the injury, the plaintiff testified that he cannot work around the home and has difficulty with walking or gardening. The plaintiff described his vision problems at night, "I'm like a drunk man trying, when I'm in the dark, I just cannot function. I can shut my eyes and go from the living room to the bedroom, if I leave my eyes open I'm bouncing off the walls." The plaintiff stated that he had always worked and provided for his family. His wife did not work outside of the home because he wanted her to stay home and take care of the children. The plaintiff testified that he had sustained two (2) past injuries on the job. The plaintiff broke his right foot, and on another occasion he broke his jaw. As a result, he only missed enough work for the doctor to treat his injuries and returned immediately to work. Since the plaintiff's lay off, he has received no income, but he and his wife have existed on his withdrawn retirement fund. The plaintiff stated that he cannot work an eight (8) hour day or a five (5) day week, due to his dizziness and balance problems. The plaintiff testified that about the time of this surgery, he took medication for his dizziness. Mrs. Bobbie Jean Carden, the plaintiff's wife, testified that her husband has been a great husband and father. She stated that she has never had to work outside the home since it was not necessary. Since the accident, she stated that her husband does not have any balance, and he must be slow in whatever he is doing. Mrs. Carden testified that she cleans houses and cooks for the elderly ladies in the neighborhood for five dollars ($5) an hour. When describing her husband's driving, Mrs. Carden stated, "he scares me to death . . . he cannot hear." Mrs. Carden testified that her husband must wear sunglasses since the sun kills his eyes and gives him a headache. She stated that her husband has a high tolerance for pain. When he broke his jaw and foot he went back to work immediately. Dr. Rodney E. Caldwell, a vocational consultant, testified that he met the plaintiff on December 8, 1998. Dr. Caldwell obtained the plaintiff's beliefs as to his ability to return to work, and he also reviewed the deposition of Dr. Jernigan. Dr. Caldwell stated that, in the interview, the plaintiff had not exaggerated his symptoms, and that they were consistent with what the plaintiff had told Dr. Jernigan. Dr. Caldwell described Dr. Jernigan's definition of "good balance function to mean normal balance function," as rather vague. Dr. Caldwell stated that one with balance problems would have difficulty lifting, climbing and bending over because one would tend to topple over. -2-