Kenneth Paxton v. Floyd and Floyd, Inc. and Liberty Mutual Ins. Co.

This workers' compensation appeal has been referred to the Special Workers' Compensation Appeals Panel of the Supreme Court in accordance with Tenn. Code Ann. section 5-6-225(e)(3) for hearing and reporting of findings of fact and conclusions of law. Fairly stated, the issues on appeal are (1) whether the employee or claimant, Paxton, gave or was excused from giving timely notice of his injury, (2) whether the employee suffered a compensable injury by accident, and (3) whether the trial judge erred in ruling on the admissibility of a doctor's report. As discussed below, the panel has concluded the judgment should be affirmed. The employee initiated this action for workers' compensation benefits resulting from an alleged back injury allegedly occurring on April 29, 1996. After a trial on the merits, the trial judge found that the employee's notice to the employer was not timely and that the employee did not suffer an injury by accident on April 29, 1996, as claimed. The trial judge expressly found the employee's testimony to be unworthy of belief. The claim was dismissed. Appellate review is de novo upon the record of the trial court, accompanied by a presumption of correctness of the findings of fact, unless the preponderance of the evidence is otherwise. Tenn. Code Ann. section 5-6-225(e)(2). In October of 1995, while working for another employer, the claimant injured his back lifting a cross tie. He received medical care and returned to work for the same employer. He began working for this employer, Floyd and Floyd, on December 7, 1995, and worked thirteen days between that date and April 7, 1996, when he began working full time and worked until May 26, 1996, when his employment was terminated. On July 11, 1996, his attorney sent a letter to Floyd and Floyd, advising the employer that the employee was making a claim "as a result of a work related accident which occurred on or about 1-16-95." That letter was, as the trial judge found, the first notice to the employer, but the employee had complained to co-workers of back pain. The notice was also sent to the former employer, BEC/Allwaste. On July 31, 1996, his back condition was surgically repaired. Immediately upon the occurrence of an injury, or as soon thereafter as is reasonable and practicable, an injured employee must, unless the employer has actual knowledge of the accident, give written notice of the injury to his employer. Tenn. Code Ann. section 5-6-21; McCaleb v Saturn Corp., 91 S.W.2d 412 (Tenn. 1995). For an occupational disease, except asbestos-related disease or coal worker's pneumoconiosis, benefits are not recoverable from the date of the accident to the giving of such notice and no benefits are recoverable unless such written notice is given within thirty days after the injurious occurrence, unless the injured worker has a reasonable excuse for the failure to give the required notice. Tenn. Code Ann. section 5-6-21. The written notice must state in plain and simple language the name and address of the employee, the time, place, nature and cause of the accident and must be signed by the claimant or someone acting in his behalf. Tenn. Code Ann. section 5-6-22. The only notice given in this case was defective in that it was not timely and did 2